कुमाऊँ की पारंपरिक चित्रकला ऐपण
कुमाऊं की समृद्ध परंपरा है ऐपण:
किसी भी राज्य की पहचान उसकी संस्कृति और उसकी परंपरा से होती है। उत्तराखंड के साथ भी कुछ ऐसा ही है। अगर हम उत्तराखंड के कुमाऊं क्षेत्र की तरफ जाते हैं तो एक चीज जो सबका ध्यान अपनी ओर आकर्षित करती है वो है ऐपण। ऐपण की कुमाऊं क्षेत्र में अलग ही महत्ता है। कुमाऊं में किसी भी मांगलिक कार्य के अवसर पर अपने अपने घरों को सजाने की परंपरा है। इसमें वह प्राकृतिक रंगो जैसे गेरू एवं पिसे हुए चावल के घोल (बिस्वार) से विभिन्न आकृतियां बनायी जाती है। लोक कला की इस स्थानीय शैली को ऐपण कहा जाता है। ऐपण का अर्थ लीपने से होता है और लीप शब्द का अर्थ अंगुलियों से रंग लगाना है। दीपावली के अवसर पर कुमाऊं के घर-घर ऐपण से सज जाते हैं। घरों को आंगन से घर के मंदिर तक ऐपण देकर सजाया जाता है। दीपावली में बनाए जाने वाले ऐपण में मां लक्ष्मी के पैर घर के बाहर से अन्दर की ओर को गेरू के धरातल पर विस्वार (चावल का पिसा घोल) से बनाए जाते है। दो पैरों के बीच के खाली स्थान पर गोल आकृति बनायी जाती है जो धन का प्रतीक माना जाता है। पूजा कक्ष में भी लक्ष्मी की चौकी बनाई जाती है। माना जाता है कि इससे लक्ष्मी प्रसन्न होती है और घर परिवार को धनधान्य से पूर्ण करती है। इनके साथ लहरों, फूल मालाओं, सितारों, बेल-बूटों व स्वास्तिक चिन्ह की आकृतियां बनाई जाती है।
अब पक्के रंगों से बनने लगे है ऐपण:
पारंपरिक गेरू एवं बिस्वार से बनाए जाने वाले ऐपण की जगह अब सिंथेटिक रंगो से भी ऐपण बनाने लगे है। लोगों का मानना है कि वह ऐपण कई दिनों तक घरों को सजाने का काम करते है। उनका मानना है कि इन रंगो के प्रयोग से बनाए गये ऐपण केवल घर को सजाने मात्र का काम करते है। त्योहारों पर पारंपरिक ऐपण जो गेरू और बिस्वार से बनाया जाता है उसे घर के मुख्य स्थानों पर अवश्य बनाते है जो शुभ माना जाता है। आधुनिकता के दौर में अब धीरे धीरे गेरू और बिस्वार का स्थान पर सिन्थेटिक रंगो का प्रचलन बढ़ रहा है।
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Naini Saini Airport Pithoragarh
Naini Saini Airport:
Naini Saini Airport is situated in a beautiful city of Kumon called Pithoragarh. Naini Saini Airport otherwise called Pithoragarh Airstrip and Pithoragarh Airport. The airstrip was constructed in 1991 for administrative use and planned for the operations of Dornier 228 type aircraft. The State Government plans to upgrade it to Category 2C airport under Visual flight rules (VFR) conditions to facilitate operations of ATR-42 type of aircraft.In 1997, the Nainisaini airstirp was planned to began but due to political reasons it was keep on postponing. It is located 4.5 Kilometers from Pithoragarh Town.
This airport is made under the “Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik” Regional Connectivity Scheme (UDAN-RCS) of Modi Government with the objective of letting the common citizen of the country fly. Today a great journey has begun in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand. On 17 January 2019 the journey from Pithoragarh to Dehradum started after the wait for a long time. The aircraft will fly between Pithoragarh and Dehradun. Regular flights are starting from today onwards. People are very curious and excited about the airline.
Flights From Naini Saini Airport:
Nine seater airlines will operate for Pantnagar and Dehradun. The aircraft will depart from Dehradun at 9:30am and will reach Pithoragarh at 10:20am just in 50 minutes,and from Pithoragarh, the plane will fly at 11:30am and will reach Pantnagar at 12:00pm and will reach Dehradun Airport by 1:30pm.
Flight Departure Timing Between Naini Saini Airport and Jolly Grant Airport
- Pithoragarh to Dehradun flight time : 11:00 am
- Dehradun to Pithoragarh flight time : 9:30 am
Flight Departure Timing Between Naini Saini Airport and Pantnagar Airport
- Pithoragarh to Pantnagar flight time : 10:40 am
- Pantnagr to Pithoragarh flight time : 11:30 am
Book Flight online at www.airheritage.in
Contact No – +91 7290017062
How to Reach Naini Saini Airport:
Nainisaini Airport is not fully operational so getting a flight from a major city to here is not possible yet.Uttarakhand Government is spending a lot for the maintenance of this Airport to increase the Tourism in this area because Kumaoun region of Uttarakhand shares some amazing vistas of nature so the poaaiblities of tourism are quiet high here. Other airport of Kumaoun Region is situated in Pantnagar which is close to here. You can hire local taxies to Pithoragarh. Public transport like Tata Sumos, Maxx Sharing cabs are also available there.
NAINI SAINI DISTANCE CHART:-
Naini Saini Airport to Pithoragarh: 4.5kms
Naini Saini Airport to Munsyari: 125kms
Nani Saini Airport to Almora: 125kms
Naini Saini Airport to Nainital: 185kms
Naini Saini Airport to Kausani: 168kms
Naini Saini Airport to Khatima: 176kms
Naini Saini Airport to Kathgodam Railway Station: 180kms
Naini Saini Airport to Pant nagar Airport: 215kms
Naini Saini Airport to Delhi: 515kms
Hilljatra
Hilljatra, a famous festival of Pastoralists & Agriculturalists of Uttarakhand
Hilljatra is a traditional festival of Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, especially in Pithoragarh district. The Kumaon people who are associated with agriculture mainly celebrate Hilljarta festival. This festival is mainly associated with the farming of paddy and other related tasks of agriculture in monsoon. The origin of Hilljatra festival is believed to be West Nepal where it is celebrated with the name of Indra Jatra festival. It is believed that the King of Nepal was happy with the four brothers of Nepal who celebrated and presented Indra Jatra festival as a gift to the four brothers of Kumaon (Kunwar Sing Mahar, Chahaj Singh Mahar, Chanchal Singh Mahar and Jakh Singh Mahar). The four brothers of Kumaon were also received many other items in the Indra Jatra festival of Nepal. When these brothers came back to Pithoragarh district of Kumaon, they celebrated this festival with the name of Hilljatra including some modifications in Indra Jatra festival. From then the Kumaon people celebrate Hilljatra festival for the well being and prosperity of their close ones.
Celebration of Hilljatra Festival in Pithoragarh
Actually Hilljatra means the worship of “Plough” which is a very important tool used agriculture. This is one of the important festivals of Uttarakhand. Hilljatra festival is celebrated in Aantho (8th day of Bhaado) in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. This festival is celebrated in three phases. In Phase I of Hilljatra festival, the traditional ritual will be followed which is the worship and sacrifice of goat.
In the Phase II of Hilljatra festival, drama will be performed including various pastoral & agricultural activities. In second phase of Hilljatra festival, the characters of the drama will be wearing the masks that look quite expressive and entertaining at the same time. The main attraction of the drama is Lakhia Bhoot (Lakhia Ghost). Lakhia Bhoot is the main character of Hilljatra festival. When he appears wearing back costume, skin painted in black color, wearing rudraksha and thick rope tied in his waist, everyone starts taking the blessings from him. Everyone worship Lakhia Bhoot for health and prosperity of their family, friends and village.
In the Phase III, the people celebrate Hilljatra festival with performing songs and dance. They perform Chanchari Dance which is the traditional folk dance of Uttarakhand. In this dance form, people perform dance in a circle. In this way, the celebrations of the festival go on and on late night with enthusiasm & energy.
How to reach Pithoragarh:
Pithoragarh is one of the famous places to visit in Uttarakahand. Pithoragarh has the beautiful locations that are capable enough to grab the attention of visitors not only from Uttarakhand but from other cities of India as well. As far as Hilljatra festival is concern, you can plan your travel either by air, train or by road.
- Travel to Pithoragarh by flight
Pantnagar airport is the nearest airport to Pithoragarh. Pantnagar airport is situated in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand which is approximately 241 kms. from Pithoragarh. Buses and cabs are easily available from Pantnagar airport for Pithoragarh district. You can choose any of these options as per your convenience and reach at your desired location in Pithoragarh.
- Travel to Pithoragarh by Train
Tanakpur is the nearest railway station to Pithoragarh. The distance between Tanakpur railway station and Pithoragarh is approx 138 kms. After reaching at Tanakpur, you can either hire a taxi for Pithoragarh or can get a bus to reach at your destination in Pithoragarh.
- Travel to Pithoragarh by road
Pithoragarh is easily accessible from major cities of Uttarakhand such as Nainital almost 218 kms, Badrinath almost 329 kms etc. and even from Delhi as well almost 475 kms. Travelling by road is one of the widely used means of transportation to reach at any destination in Pithoragarh. You can easily get cabs or buses to reach Pithoragarh district and take part in the Hilljatra festival to experience endless moments of joy.
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Patal Bhuvaneshwar Gangolihat
Patal Bhuvaneshwar is a phenomenal place that is located in the state of Uttarakhand. It is situated in the Pithorgarh district in the Kumaon region. The exposure of Patal Bhuvaneshwar (Lord Shiva in the underground temple complex) is one of this unique way to help mankind. Enshrined in mystery and mythology, Patal Bhuvaneshwar is the hidden pilgrimage centre, near Gangolihat the famous Shaktipeeth. Located 91 km from Pithoragarh on the way to Berinag, at an elevation of about 1350 m, this highly revered shrine is dedicated to Lord Shiva. 16 Km to the north-east of Gangolihat and 20 Km to the south of Berinag is situated the Patal Bhuvaneshwar cave temple. The temple place comes under village Bhuvneshwar which is in the tehsil Didihat. The subterranean shrine of Lord Shiva is situated with sprawling interiors. Limestone rock formations have created various spectacular stalactite and stalagmite figures. The way to the temple is through a narrow tunnel shaped cave, giving a very thrilling experience. The main passage way opens into several small caves which have in them the stone carvings of many traditional Gods & Goddesses and can evoke weird romantic fancies and images in the religiously inclined person. The cave temple of Patal Bhuvaneshwar is traditionally believed to be the abode of thirty three crore deities.
Patal Bhuvaneshwar is not just one cave, rather a cave city. Caves within caves, one leading to another, each one unmasking deep secrets from within.The motorable road ends half a kilometer away from the cave entrance. You’ve to descend nearly 100 steps into this narrow cave, to reach the sanctum sanctorum, which gives an overwhelming feeling that you’re entering the centre of the earth.Each stone, each stalagmite within each cave or doorway, in magnificent erection revels the story of Hindu pantheon in the shapes of Gods, Goddesses, saints and known mythological characters. According to a belief King Rituparna of the Sun dynasty (Surya Vansha) discovered the cave in ‘Treta Yuga’. It has been described in the ‘Manas Khand’ of ‘Skand Puran’. Adi Shankaracharya visited this cave in 1191 AD. That was the beginning of the modern pilgrimage history, at Patal Bhuvaneshwar. The journey inside the cave has to be carried in feeble lights, holding protective iron chains. The stone formations of ‘Sheshnag’ can be seen, holding earth, heaven the world beneath. ‘Havan’ (fire sacrifice) is performed in a dimly lit, solemn atmosphere, under the spell of holy chants. You’ll also be impressed by the huge stalactites, called ‘Jatas’ of Lord Shiva, located at different locations inside the cave. It’s believed that Pandavas, the ‘Mahabharata’ heroes proceeded towards their last journey in the Himalayas after meditating here, in front of Lord Shiva. The priest family, the Bhandaris have been performing religious rites at Patal Bhuvaneshwar since the time of the Adi Shankaracharya. More than 20 generations in the line, they are a treasure house of legends, lore, anecdotes and information about this holy place.
Legend of the Cave:
The first human to discover this cave was Raja Ritupurna who was a king in Surya Dynasty who was ruling Ayodhya during the Treta Yuga. The story starts with Ritupurna and King Nala. It is said that once, King Nala was defeated by his wife, Queen Damayanti.In order to escape his wife’s prison Nala requested Ritupurna to hide him. Ritupurna took him to the forests of the Himalayas and asked him to stay there. While going back home he was fascinated by a deer which ran into woods and went after it. He could not find it and took rest under a tree. He had a dream where the deer was asking Ritupurna not to chase him. His sleep broke and as he woke up and went to a cave where a guard was standing. After enquiring about the cave he was allowed to go inside. Right at the entrance, Ritupurna met Sheshnag who agreed to take him through the cave. It carried him on its hood. He saw the marvels of Gods taking place inside. He all the 33-Koti (33 type not crore) gods and goddesses including Lord Shiva himself. It is said that after his visit, the cave was closed for ages with a slight prediction in the Skandpurana that it will be reopened again in Kaliyuga. Shankarcharya in Kalyug, during his visit to Himalayas re-discovered this cave. Since then regular worship and offering are being done at this place.
History:
According to belief King Rituparna of the Sun dynasty (Surya Vansha) discovered the cave in ‘Treta yug’. It has been described in the ‘MANAS KHAND’ of ‘SKAND PURAN’. Adi Shankaracharya visited this cave in 1191 AD. That was the beginning of the modern pilgrimage history, at Patal Bhuvaneshwar. The journey inside the cave has to be carried in feeble lights, holding protective iron chains. The Stone formations of Sheshnag can be seen, holding earth, heaven the world beneath. ‘Havan’ (fire sacrifice) is performed in a dimly lit, solemn atmosphere, under the spell of holy chants. You’ll also be impressed by theto visit these parts form the celestial heights of His abode in Kailash. The cave, it is believed, is connected by an underground route to Mount Kailash. it’s believed that Pandavas, the ‘Mahabharat’ heroes proceeded towards their last journey in the Himalayas after meditating here, in front of Lord Shiva.This hidden pilgrimage situated at 1,350 mts above sea level is mainly dedicated to Lord Shiva.Almost every god that you would have heard of resides in this mystifying cave. It is also believed that you can worship at Patal Bhuvaneshwar is equivalent to worshipping at Char Dham of Uttarakhand. The priest family, the Bhandaris are performing religious rites at Patal Bhuvaneshwar since the time of the Adi Shankaracharya. More than 20 generations in the line. They are a treasure house of legends, lore, anecdotes and information about this holy place. It is also believed that this cave is internally connected to the four abodes /seats (Char Dham).
Beyond Patal Bhuvaneshwar:
Gangolihat: 14 kms from Patal Bhubaneshwar, Gangolihat is rich in folk culture, music and religious traditions, and had been chosen by Shankaracharya for the installation of Mahakali Shaktipeeth.
Berinag & Chaukori: 27 km and 38 km respectively from Patal Bhubaneshwar, these places offer the breathtaking views of the Himalayan peaks Nanda Devi and Panchchuli.
Weather Conditions Patal Bhuvaneshwar:
Patal Bhuvaneshwar experiences a mild and pleasant climate through the year and one can visit the place at any point. The rainfall is quite extensive during the monsoon season and this might make travel difficult. The summers are very pleasant and the temperatures are rarely extreme. The winter season is also a popular time to visit and the conditions are refreshing. The summer season is from April to June and the temperatures range from a minimum of 19°C to a maximum of 36°C. The humidity is limited and the place is generally dry during this period. The hottest month of the year is May.
How to reach Patal Bhuvaneshwar Gangolihat Pithoragarh :
By Air: The nearest airport to Patal Bhuvaneshwar is Pantnagar Airport. Pantnagar Airport is situated 244kms from Patal Bhuvaneshwar. Taxis are easily available to Patal Bhuvaneshwar from Pantnagar Airport. Patal Bhuvaneshwar is well connected by motorable roads with major towns of Kumaon.
By Train: The nearest railhead to Patal Bhuvaneshwar is Tanakpur situated at a distance of 154kms. Taxis and buses are easily available from Tanakpur Railway Station to Patal Bhuvaneshwar, Gangolighat, and Lohaghat etc. Tanakpur is well connected with major destinations of India like Lucknow, Delhi, Agra and Kolkata. Trains are frequent to Tanakpur Railway Station.
By Road: Patal Bhuvaneshwar is well connected by motorable roads with major destinations of Uttarakhand state. Buses from ISBT Anand Vihar are available to Tanakpur, Champawat, Pithoragarh, Lohaghat and many other destinations from where you can easily hire a local cab or bus to reach Patal Bhuvaneshwar.
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